1. The Preamble to the Constitution of India is
A. a part of the Constitution but has no legal effect
B. not a part of the Constitution and has no legal effect either
C. a part of the Constitution and has the same legal effect as any other part
D. a part of the Constitution but has no legal effect independently of other parts
a part of the Constitution but has no legal effect independently of other parts. While the Preamble is an integral part of the Constitution and provides context for its interpretation, it is not judicially enforceable on its own and courts cannot issue orders to implement its provisions.
2. Which one of the following is not a feature of the Constitution of India?
A. It provides a set of basic rules.
B. It specifies the power of the Government.
C. It is the supreme law of the land.
D. It specifies the supremacy of the judiciary.
It specifies the supremacy of the judiciary.
Explanation: While the Indian Constitution establishes a robust and independent judiciary, it doesn't explicitly state its "supremacy". Instead, the Constitution itself is the supreme law, meaning all other laws and actions must adhere to its provisions. The judiciary's power derives from this supremacy, allowing it to interpret and enforce the Constitution.
Why other options are incorrect:
(a) It provides a set of basic rules:
This is a fundamental feature of any constitution. The Indian Constitution outlines the structure and functioning of the government, defines fundamental rights and duties of citizens, and establishes various procedures.
(b) It specifies the power of the Government:
The Constitution clearly delineates the powers of different organs of government, including the legislature, executive, and judiciary. This is essential for maintaining a checks and balances system.
(c) It is the supreme law of the land:
This is a defining characteristic of a constitution. The Indian Constitution is considered the highest law in the country, and all other laws must conform to its provisions.
3. Which one of the following is not a function of the Constitution of India?
A. To ensure participation of good people in politics
B. To guarantee a set of rights to citizens
C. To define the power of the different organs of government
D. To create conditions for a just society
A constitution outlines the framework of government, defining how it operates, the powers it holds, and the rights it guarantees to citizens. However, it cannot directly influence who is elected or ensure that only "good people" participate in politics.
4. The Constitution (35th Amendment) Act of 1974 is related to which one of the following States?
A. Mizoram
B. Sikkim
C. Nagaland
D. Arunachal Pradesh
The 35th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1974 was enacted to specifically address the integration of Sikkim into the Indian Union. It initially granted Sikkim the status of an "Associate State" before fully incorporating it as a state through the 36th Amendment in 1975.
5. With regard to the Constitution of India, which one of the following statements is not correct?
A. The words-Socialist and Secular, were not originally part of the Constitution.
B. The Preamble states the objects of the Constitution of India.
C. The Preamble is enforceable in a Court of Law.
D. A Republic refers to the people as the source of all authority under the Constitution.
The Preamble outlines the objectives and ideals of the Constitution but is not enforceable by courts; it serves as a guiding principle.
6. Which among the following was made responsible for framing of the Constitution of Free India?
A. Parliament of India
B. Constituent Assembly
C. Supreme Court of India
D. British Parliament
The Constituent Assembly was a body elected specifically to draft and enact the Constitution of India after independence.
7. Constitution Day is celebrated on:
A. 26th November
B. 26th January
C. 26th May
D. 26th August
26th November. Constitution Day is celebrated on this date to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1949.
3. Which of the following statements with regard to the creation of a new state or alteration of boundaries of states is/are correct?
1. An amendment has to be moved in the Parliament under Article 368 of the Constitution of India.
2. Ratification by one half of the states is necessary after the amendment is made by the Parliament.
3. The legislation can be passed by a simple majority of both Houses of Parliament.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only
Statement 1 is incorrect:
Creating a new state or altering state boundaries does not require an amendment under Article 368, which deals with amending the Constitution. These changes are made under Article 3 of the Constitution, which allows for simple majority legislation in Parliament to create or alter states.
Statement 2 is incorrect:
Ratification by half of the states is not necessary for these types of legislative actions. While Article 368 requires ratification by half the states for certain constitutional amendments, those relating to the creation or alteration of states are not covered by this requirement.
Statement 3 is correct:
According to Article 3, the legislation can be passed by a simple majority of both Houses of Parliament. This is the key point about this question.
For a more helpful explanation to multiple choice questions, try including the answer options in your search.
9. Which one of the following does not figure in the list of languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India?
A. Dogri
B. Bhoti
C. Maithili
D. Santhali
The Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution lists 22 languages, and Bhoti is not included in that list. Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali are all listed in the Eighth Schedule.
Key points:
Eighth Schedule:
This part of the Indian Constitution specifies the officially recognized languages of the country.
Included languages:
Some of the languages listed in the Eighth Schedule include Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali.
10. Which one of the following statements with regard to the Preamble to the Constitution of India is not correct?
A. The term 'Secular Democratic Republic' was not there in the Preamble originally.
B. The Preamble contains the basic structure of the Constitution of India.
C. By itself, the Preamble is not enforceable in a court of law.
D. The Supreme Court has held that the Preamble cannot be considered as an aid to the legal interpretation of the Constitution, where the language is ambiguous.
The Supreme Court has actually used the Preamble as a guide to interpreting the Constitution, considering it to be an important part of its structure and reflecting the underlying principles on which it is based.
11. We adopted parliamentary democracy based on the British model, but how does our model differ from that model?
1. As regards legislation, the British Parliament is supreme or sovereign but in India, the power of the Parliament to legislate is limited.
2. In India, matters related to the constitutionality of Amendment of an Act of the Parliament are referred to the Constitution Bench by the Supreme Court,
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Statement 1 is correct:
In the British system, Parliament is considered sovereign, meaning it can enact or repeal any law without any limitations. However, in India, the Parliament's power is limited by the Constitution. The Constitution acts as a supreme law, and any legislation passed by Parliament must adhere to its provisions.
Statement 2 is also correct:
In India, the Supreme Court has the power of judicial review, which means it can assess the constitutionality of laws passed by Parliament. If a law is deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, it can be struck down. Furthermore, matters related to the constitutionality of amendments to the Constitution are specifically referred to the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court for adjudication.
Key points about the differences between the Indian and British models:
Written Constitution:
India has a codified and written Constitution that limits the Parliament's power, while the British Parliament operates without a formal written constitution.
Judicial Review:
India has a robust system of judicial review where the Supreme Court can challenge the constitutionality of laws, whereas the British Parliament is considered supreme and does not have such a mechanism.
12. What was the exact constitutional status of India on 26th January, 1950?
A. A Democratic Republic
B. A Sovereign Democratic Republic
C. A Sovereign Secular Democratic Republic
D. A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
On January 26, 1950, India's Preamble described it as a "Sovereign Democratic Republic". The words "Secular" and "Socialist" were added later to the Constitution through the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
13. Which one of the following in Indian polity is an essential feature that indicates that it is federal in character?
A. The independence of judiciary is safeguarded.
B. The Union Legislature has elected representatives from constituent units.
C. The Union Cabinet can have elected representatives from regional parties.
D. The Fundamental Rights are enforceable by Courts of Law.
A key feature of a federal system is the separation of powers, where different levels of government (central and states) have distinct powers, and an independent judiciary is crucial to resolve disputes between them and ensure that neither oversteps their authority. The independence of the judiciary allows it to impartially interpret the Constitution and act as a neutral arbiter, which is essential for maintaining a balanced federal system.
14. Which one of the following is referred to in the Constitution of India as 'the date of its Commencement"?
(a) 14th November, 1949
B. 17th October, 1949
C. 26th January, 1950
D. 26th November, 1949
This date is referred to in the Constitution itself as "the commencement of this Constitution" and is celebrated as Republic Day in India.
Here is a breakdown of the other dates for context:
15. Which among the following Supreme Court Judgements established the principle that the 'basic structure' of the Constitution of India was unamendable?
A. Golaknath vs State of Punjab
B. Kesavananda Bharati vs State of Kerala
C. Sankari Prasad vs Union of India
D. Sajjan Singh vs State of Rajasthan
The landmark case Kesavananda Bharati vs State of Kerala (1973) is where the Supreme Court first established the doctrine of the "basic structure" of the Constitution, meaning certain core features of the Constitution cannot be amended by Parliament, effectively making them unamendable.
Key points about other options:
Golaknath vs State of Punjab (1967):
This case dealt with the question of whether Parliament could amend Fundamental Rights. While the judgment in this case was later overruled in Kesavananda Bharati, it did not establish the basic structure doctrine.
Sankari Prasad vs Union of India (1951) and Sajjan Singh vs State of Rajasthan (1965):
These cases upheld Parliament's power to amend the Constitution, including fundamental rights. However, the Kesavananda Bharati case later modified this interpretation by establishing the basic structure doctrine.
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