Polity for Defence Warriors set 8 ( NDA / CDS / AFCAT )

• 0 Questions answered correctly
• 0 Questions answered incorrect
• 15 Questions unattempted

• 1

  1. Identify the correct chronological order in which the following States were created in India from the codes given below:
  1. Andhra Pradesh
  2. Himachal Pradesh
  3. Haryana
  4. Sikkim
  Codes:

  • A

    A. 1, 2, 3, 4
     

  • B

    B. 1, 3, 2, 4
     

  • C

    C. 4, 3, 1, 2
     

  • D

    D. 3, 4, 1, 2

  Explanation

  The states were created in the following chronological order:

  • Andhra Pradesh: Formed on November 1, 1956 (originally as Andhra State in 1953).
  • Haryana: Carved out of Punjab on November 1, 1966.
  • Himachal Pradesh: Elevated from a Union Territory to a full state on January 25, 1971.
  • Sikkim: Became an associate state in 1974, and a full-fledged state of India on May 16, 1975. 
• 2

  2. Who among the following were the members of the drafting committee of the Constitution?
  1. N. Gopalaswami
  2. Jawaharlal Nehru
  3. Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
  4. Sardar Patel
  Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
  Codes:

  • A

    A. 1, 3 and 4
     

  • B

    B. 1 and 4
     

  • C

    C. 1 and 3
     

  • D

    D. 2, 3 and 4

  Explanation

  The correct answer is (c) 1 and 3, as N. Gopalaswami and Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar were members of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution. Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Patel were not members of this particular committee, but chaired other major committees of the Constituent Assembly. 

  Members of the Drafting Committee

  The Drafting Committee, formed on August 29, 1947, was chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and consisted of seven members in total: 

  • Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (Chairman)
  • N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar
  • Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
  • Dr. K.M. Munshi
  • Syed Mohammad Saadullah
  • B.L. Mitter (replaced later by N. Madhava Rau due to ill health)
  • D.P. Khaitan (replaced later by T.T. Krishnamachari upon his death in 1948) 

  Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Patel headed other significant committees such as the Union Powers Committee and the Provincial Constitution Committee, respectively, but were not part of the Drafting Committee itself. 

• 3

  3. The Constitutional advisor to the Constituent Assembly was

  • A

    A. Sachidanand Sinha
     

  • B

    B. K.M. Munshi
     

  • C

    C. B.N. Rao
     

  • D

    D. T.T. Krishnamachari

  Explanation

  The Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly was (c) B.N. Rao, who prepared the initial draft of the Constitution based on various reports, which was then scrutinized and revised by the Drafting Committee led by B.R. Ambedkar. 

  • B.N. Rau: Served as the Constitutional Advisor, creating the first draft.
  • Sachidanand Sinha: Was the temporary President of the Assembly at its first meeting.
  • K.M. Munshi: Was a member of the Drafting Committee.
  • T.T. Krishnamachari: Replaced D.P. Khaitan in the Drafting Committee. 
• 4

  4. Arrange the following states of India on the basis of conferring statehood (starting from the earliest):
  1. Arunachal Pradesh
  2. Nagaland
  3. Sikkim
  4. Meghalaya
  Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  • A

    A. 2-4-3-1
     

  • B

    B. 2-1-4-3
     

  • C

    C. 4-1-3-2
     

  • D

    D. 4-1-2-3

  Explanation

  The states were conferred statehood in the following chronological order (earliest to latest): 

  • Nagaland (2) was the first among the listed states to receive full statehood on December 1, 1963.
  • Meghalaya (4) became a full state on January 21, 1972, having previously been a sub-state within Assam.
  • Sikkim (3) joined the Indian Union as a full state on May 16, 1975, after a referendum.
  • Arunachal Pradesh (1) was granted statehood on February 20, 1987, prior to which it was a Union Territory. 

  Thus, the correct sequence is 2-4-3-1.

• 5

  5. Consider the following statements about Democracy.
  1. It consists of the formation of a Government elected by the people.
  2. In democracy, those currently in power have a fair chance of losing.
  3. Each vote has one value.
  Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

  • A

    A. 1 and 2 only
     

  • B

    B. 1, 2 and 3
     

  • C

    C. 1 only
     

  • D

    D. 2 and 3 only

  Explanation

  The correct option is (b) 1, 2 and 3. All three statements accurately describe fundamental principles of a democracy. 

  1. It consists of the formation of a Government elected by the people. This is a core tenet of representative democracy, where citizens choose their leaders through elections [2].
  2. In democracy, those currently in power have a fair chance of losing. This highlights the essential element of competition and uncertainty in a true democracy. Free and fair elections mean the outcome is not predetermined, and incumbents can be voted out [1].
  3. Each vote has one value. This principle, often summarized as "one person, one vote, one value," ensures political equality among all citizens, where every individual's vote carries equal weight [3]. 

  These principles together define a democratic system that is fair, representative, and accountable to its people [2, 3]. 

• 6

  6. "The Draft Constitution as framed only provides a machinery for the Government of the country. It is not a contrivance to install any particular party in power as has been done in some countries. Who should be in power is left to be determined by the people, as it must be, if the system is to satisfy the test of democracy". S
  The above passage from Constituent Assembly debates is attributed to:

  • A

    A. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
     

  • B

    B. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
     

  • C

    C. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
     

  • D

    D. Acharya J. B. Kriplani

  Explanation

  That insightful quote emphasizing the Constitution provides machinery, not a party installation, and leaves power to the people, is attributed to (c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, highlighting India's democratic spirit in the Constituent Assembly debates. 

  • Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: As a prominent freedom fighter and education minister, his statement underscores that India's democracy ensures people decide their rulers, a core principle.
  • Constituent Assembly: The debate occurred when the draft was presented, focusing on establishing a stable democratic framework, as detailed on
• 7

  7.

  

  • A

    A.

  • B

    B.

  • C

    C.

  • D

    D.

  Explanation

  The correct match for the roles in India's Constitution making is: A. Rajendra Prasad (2. Chairman, Constituent Assembly), B. T.T. Krishnamachari (1. Member, Drafting Committee), C. H.C. Mookherjee (4. Vice-Chairman, Constituent Assembly), and D. B.R. Ambedkar (3. Chairman, Drafting Committee), making option (b) 2 4 1 3 the correct code, as confirmed by details on key figures like Ambedkar as Drafting Chairman and Prasad as Assembly President. 

  Here's the breakdown of the correct pairings:

  • A. Rajendra Prasad: Chairman, Constituent Assembly (2).
  • B. T.T. Krishnamachari: Member, Drafting Committee (1) (replacing D.P. Khaitan).
  • C. H.C. Mookherjee: Vice-Chairman, Constituent Assembly (4).
  • D. B.R. Ambedkar: Chairman, Drafting Committee (3). 

  Therefore, the correct code is (b) 2 4 1 3

• 8

  8. Which of the following are true regarding the Preamble of the Constitution of India?
  1. The Objective resolution was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru and passed by the Constituent assembly which ultimately became the Preamble.
  2. The idea of the Preamble was borrowed from the Constitution of the USA.
  3. The words Socialist and Secular were adopted by the 42nd amendment in 1976.
  4. The Preamble incorporates the Fundamental Rights of citizens of India.
  Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  • A

    A. 1, 2 and 3 only
     

  • B

    B. 2, 3 and 4 only
     

  • C

    C. 1, 3 and 4 only
     

  • D

    D. 1, 2 and 4 only

  Explanation

  • Statement 1 is true: The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is based on the Objectives Resolution, which was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru on December 13, 1946, and adopted by the Constituent Assembly on January 22, 1947. Its modified version became the Preamble.
  • Statement 2 is true: The idea of having a Preamble in a constitution was borrowed from the Constitution of the USA.
  • Statement 3 is true: The words "Socialist" and "Secular" (along with "Integrity") were added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976, during the National Emergency.
  • Statement 4 is false: The Preamble sets out the objectives and guiding principles of the Constitution, such as Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity. The Fundamental Rights of citizens are incorporated and detailed in a separate section, Part III (Articles 12 to 35), of the Constitution, not the Preamble itself. 
• 9

  9. Consider the following statements about Constitutional
  Government:
  1. It is a form of limited government.
  2. One where Constitution is the basis of public authority
  3. One where Monarch is the formal Head of the State
  4. One where there is always universal adult franchise
  Which of the statements given above are correct?

  • A

    A. 1 and 2 only
     

  • B

    B. 2 and 4 only
     

  • C

    C. 1, 2 and 4 only
     

  • D

    D. 1 and 3 only

  Explanation

  The correct statements about a Constitutional Government are 1 and 2 only. Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer. 

  Here is an analysis of each statement:

  1. It is a form of limited government. This is correct. The core principle of constitutionalism is the limitation of government power through a set of laws and principles outlined in a constitution [1, 2].
  2. One where Constitution is the basis of public authority. This is correct. All government actions and authority derive their legitimacy from the constitution, which is the supreme law [1, 2].
  3. One where Monarch is the formal Head of the State. This is incorrect. Many constitutional governments are republics (e.g., the United States, India), where the head of state is an elected president, not a monarch. A constitutional monarchy is just one specific form of a constitutional government [2].
  4. One where there is always universal adult franchise. This is incorrect. While universal adult franchise (the right for all adults to vote) is a hallmark of modern liberal democracies, it is not a necessary condition for a government to be considered "constitutional" in the basic sense of being limited by a constitution [2, 3]. Historically, some governments operated under a constitution but restricted voting rights (e.g., based on property ownership or race). 

  Statements 1 and 2 define the essential characteristics of any constitutional government. 

• 10

  10. Which of the following statement(s) about the Presidential system is/are correct? the
  1. The Head of Government is also Head of State.
  2. The Executive can veto Legislative acts.
  Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  • A

    A. 1 only
     

  • B

    B. 2 only
     

  • C

    C. Both 1 and 2
     

  • D

    D. Neither 1 nor 2

  Explanation

  Both statements regarding the Presidential system of government are correct. 

  1. The Head of Government is also Head of State: In a presidential system (e.g., the United States), the President serves as both the ceremonial Head of State and the chief executive or Head of Government. This is a key distinguishing feature from a parliamentary system, where these roles are typically separate (e.g., a monarch or president as Head of State and a Prime Minister as Head of Government).
  2. The Executive can veto Legislative acts: The system of checks and balances in a presidential system grants the executive (the President) the power to veto bills passed by the legislature. The legislature can, in turn, override this veto, usually with a supermajority vote (e.g., two-thirds majority in the US Congress), preventing any single branch from becoming too powerful. 

  Therefore, both statements accurately describe characteristics of a presidential system.

  The correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2. 

• 11

  11. Which of the following statement(s) regarding the residuary powers under the Constitution of India is/are correct?
  1. Residuary powers have been given to the Union Parliament.
  2. In the matter of residuary power, the Constitution of India follows the Constitution of Australia.
  3. Schedule 7 of the Constitution of India provides a list of residuary powers.
  4. The Government of India Act 1935 placed residuary powers in the hands of the Viceroy.
  Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  • A

    A. 1 and 3 only
     

  • B

    B. 2 and 3 only
     

  • C

    C. 1 and 4 only
     

  • D

    D. 4 only

  Explanation

  • Statement 1 is correct: Under Article 248 and Entry 97 of the Union List in the Seventh Schedule, residuary powers (the power to legislate on matters not enumerated in any of the three lists: Union, State, or Concurrent) have been given exclusively to the Union Parliament.
  • Statement 4 is correct: The Government of India Act, 1935, which served as a major source for the Indian Constitution, placed the residuary powers in the hands of the Governor-General (Viceroy). 
• 12

  12. Consider the following statements:
  A Constitutional Government is one which
  1. places effective restrictions on individual liberty in the interest of State Authority
  2. places effective restrictions on the Authority of the State in the interest of individual liberty
  Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • A

    A. 1 only
     

  • B

    B. 2 only
     

  • C

    C. Both 1 and 2
     

  • D

    D. Neither 1 nor 2

  Explanation

  A constitutional government is, by definition, a limited government. Its primary purpose is to outline the powers of the state and also provide vital limitations on those powers to protect the fundamental rights and individual liberties of citizens. Therefore, statement 2 accurately reflects this core principle. 

• 13

  13. Which one of the following Schedules of the Constitution of India contains provisions regarding anti-defection?

  • A

    A. Second Schedule
     

  • B

    B. Fifth Schedule
     

  • C

    C. Eighth Schedule
     

  • D

    D. Tenth Schedule

  Explanation

  The Tenth Schedule of the Constitution of India contains provisions relating to the disqualification of members of Parliament and State Legislatures on the grounds of defection. This is commonly known as the Anti-Defection Law, which was added to the Constitution by the 52nd Amendment Act in 1985 to ensure political stability and curb unprincipled defections. 

• 14

  14. The 'Basic Structure Doctrine' was enunciated by the Supreme Court during the:

  • A

    A. Golak Nath case
     

  • B

    B. Maneka Gandhi case
     

  • C

    C. Kesavananda Bharati case
     

  • D

    D. SR Bommai case

  Explanation

  The 'Basic Structure Doctrine' was established by the Supreme Court of India in the Kesavananda Bharati case in 1973. 

  • A 13-judge bench, in a 7:6 majority, ruled that Parliament has the power to amend the Constitution under Article 368, but this power does not extend to altering its fundamental framework or "basic structure".
  • While not providing an exhaustive list, the court indicated that features like the supremacy of the Constitution, the rule of law, separation of powers, judicial review, federalism, secularism, and democracy are part of this basic structure.
  • This doctrine acts as a check on legislative power to preserve the core principles of the Constitution. 
• 15

  15. The Fourth Schedule to the Constitution of India deals with:

  • A

    A. provisions related to the administration of tribal areas.
     

  • B

    B. allocation of seats in the Council of States.
     

  • C

    C. the Union List, the State List and the Concurrent List.
     

  • D

    D. recognized languages of the Union of India,

  Explanation

  The Fourth Schedule to the Constitution of India contains provisions relating to the allocation of seats for the states and union territories in the Rajya Sabha, also known as the Council of States. The number of representatives each state is entitled to send to the Rajya Sabha is specified in this schedule based on the size of their population.